What is PCR? Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a common laboratory technique used to make many copies (millions or billions!) of a particular region of DNA. This DNA region can be …

An in-depth looks at how transcription works. Initiation (promoters), elongation, and termination.

ATP structure, ATP hydrolysis to ADP, and reaction coupling.

Since the DNA samples from vial 3 have three different lengths, does that mean three different target sequences were replicated when PCR was done and all three were later put into vial 3?

Restriction enzymes are DNA-cutting enzymes. Each enzyme recognizes one or a few target sequences and cuts DNA at or near those sequences.

Ribose instead of deoxyribose is drawn in the dehydration synthesis diagram. It says "The nucleotides forming each DNA strand are connected by noncovalent bonds, called hydrogen …

That’s because, during a ligation, DNA fragments don’t always get “pasted” in exactly the way we intend. Instead, we must collect DNA from several colonies and see whether each one contain …

Explore gel electrophoresis, a technique for separating DNA fragments by size, on Khan Academy.

If we can make copied of a fragment of DNA through PCR, why do we still need DNA cloning?

Transfer of plasmid DNA into bacteria. How bacteria are selected. Protein production and purification.